Вoard-printed games as historical and pedagogical phenomenon

Abstract

This article updates the genesis of board-printed games on the historical-pedagogical plane. Board-printed games played an important role in the organization of children’s play activities at educational institutions: preschool and primary schools. The board-printed game had a positive effect on the development of children’s psyche and consciousness, was one of the means of forming ideas about the surrounding world, its phenomena, and objects, contributed to speech and creativity development, and created a basis for children’s joint activities. The purpose of this article is to examine board-printed game as a historical-pedagogical phenomenon. This is because using board-printed games with preschool children takes on special importance in the context of ensuring continuity between preschool and primary education and introducing a game-based approach into the educational process of preschool education institutions. Modern scientists are quite active in researching children’s play activities, looking for new methods, approaches, and trends, but after analyzing the scientific sources of the 50s and 90s of the 20th century. and modern psychological and pedagogical literature, we found out that there is a very limited number of studies on the use of board-printed games in preschool institutions in Ukraine (50-90s of the 20th century). The peculiarities of the use of board-printed games in the educational process of the middle of the 20th century are mostly studied in works devoted to didactic games. For a thorough study of the stated topic, the following methods were used at the theoretical level: analysis, synthesis, generalization, and systematization. On the basis of archival and game materials of the funds of the State Museum of Toys of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the works of scientist T. Przhegodska, the classification of the studied games is highlighted: the classification of the only collection of board-printed games in Ukraine, according to which the game materials in the archival department of the State Museum of Toys are divided; classification according to the archival document "Pedagogical and artistic requirements for polygraphic games" (1970); and the classification of the scientist T. Przhegodska, presented in the work "From a toy to a book" (1977). Along with this, thanks to an analysis of the sources of the 50s-90s of the 20th century. and intensive development of play activities of preschool children, this work reveals the main trends that outline the future development and transformation of the use of board-printed games in the modern educational space of preschool education institutions. The practical value of this work lies in the fact that we have for the first time comprehensively analyzed the scientific materials of the study of board-printed games in the 1950s and 1990s; classifications of board-printed games are presented; the main trends that outline the prospects for further development and transformation of the use of board-printed games in the modern educational space are revealed.