State and prospects of optimization the plant cover of hydrophilic ecotopes of the Poltava botanical garden

Abstract

The floristic and coenotic features of the plant cover of hydrophilic ecotopes (stream and pond) on the territory of Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University’s Botanical Garden were studied. It was found that hydrophilic plant cover undergoes significant anthropogenic transformation: a poor composition of flora and communities of macrophytes, excessive overgrowing of water area, hyperproduction of filamentous algae indicate the violation of ecological balance in the pond ecosystem; in coastal flora of creek and pond the high participation of ruderal and alien elements takes place. The recommendations to optimization the state of the plant cover of hydrophilic ecotopes were given. To optimize the pond ecosystem of Botanical Garden is expedient to recommend reconstruction of hydraulic structures to improve water circulation, control of the sources of pollution and hydrochemical monitoring of catchment area, correction areas of overgrowing the water surface (especially by free floating vegetation and filamentous algae), study the whole biota of aquatic biocenosis and its impact on the given ecosystem, phytosanitary control the spread of weeds, especially alien, streamlining and compliance with the regime of water protection zone, cultivation of helophytes communities on the principle of bioplato. Among measures of optimization the vegetation cover of coastal space should be noted mowing of herbaceous vegetation along the perimeter and placing the curtains of decorative hygrophilous plants, felling and control the spontaneous spreading of shrubs and trees. On the basis of the established ecological conditions of studied ecotopes the specific recommendations for their greening are given. In view of the decorative and sozological aspects of hydrophilic flora of the Left-bank Forest-steppe and biological features of some aquatic introducers the list of plants, that are promising for cultivation ex situ, proposed.