Людина і світ в мистецтві ХХ століття

Abstract

У статті зроблена спроба розкрити сутність тих явищ, які відбувалися у культурі та мистецтві ХХ століття та їх вплив на сьогоднішній стан культури, мистецтва та взаємодії людини та світу. Зв’язок філософії та мистецтва призводить до встановлення нової взаємодії людини та світу.

Modern philosophy is radically new principles on which the relationship between man and the world. Understanding of the world causes a person to try to understand the meaning of life reveal not only the world, but also the man himself. Words, concepts, terminology, theories become a form of reflection and implementation of this understanding, but they are not fully adequate to this being. In order to help a person in his new interaction with the world, in the sense of the world, the art refers to the same new methods and principles of the transmission of this interaction. This process of formation and development of new figurative reflections of the world and of man is often forced artists to seek first the philosophical and ideological justification for that, as a result, leads to the close interaction of philosophy and art. In various modernist movement of artists not only satisfied the image of life, but above all refer to the need to portray is not life, but rather a process. And the essence of the life process - a purely internal activity, the aesthetic aspect which manifests itself in freedom, harmony and metaphorical. Representatives of these trends, as the article notes, studying the history of art, often turn to the philosophical and scientific theories, creating their own ideological concepts, building futuristic predictions that only then realized in materials and forms. As a rule, for the perception of the works now is not enough to get acquainted with themselves, they still need to learn how to decipher, learn their outward form of creative concept, which is manifested artistic and aesthetic content. All this necessarily requires the viewer and considerable activity, awakening him from the ordinary, standard, unambiguous perception. The very structure of creative thinking becomes more global in scale, which leads to the formation of a new aesthetic reality. Works of art, therefore, becomes often only objectification certain theoretical concept, but then, as mentioned already, there is an opposite relationship: learn to perceive and understand the art of modernism, a man thus acquires new and appropriate to the type of modern culture, perceptions and beliefs. It is the result of seeking the most important and striking modernist movement: expressionism, cubism, futurism, surrealism. Postmodernism, which replaces modernism proclaims the fundamental impossibility of determining the meaning of words and forms, and focuses on a stylized display very different, but equally conventional languages. Their ideological principles hefinds in artistic avant-garde, and in a pluralistic approach to artistic exploration of reality. Most postmodern currents reflects the desire of artists to create new artistic and aesthetic ways of expressing philosophical conception or creation of nonverbal analogues text: hyperrealism, conceptualism, body art, video art. In postmodernism, a person is forced to look at himself, so culture is created and how the constructed human world. Man playing in the world, and the world is playing in person. This is the essence of a new relationship between man and the world, and the art of trying to embody and convey the essence of this.