Ескапізм як соціокультурне явище сучасності

Abstract

Стаття присвячена розгляду ескапізму як соціокультурного явища. Проаналізовано тенденції розвитку сучасного суспільства, пов'язані з глобалізацією, інформатизацією, трансформацією існуючих соціокультурних моделей, які можна вважати каталізаторами виникнення та безпосередніми причинами поширення ескапізму, який проникає в усі сфери життя індивіда, впливаючи на світогляд, цінності та стиль життя людини. У суспільстві віртуалізації реальності, медіатизації, індивідуалізації ескапізм стає масовим явищем, яке виражається в створенні «іншого світу», іншої реальності, відмінної від соціальної дійсності, можливості людини «втекти» від реальної буденності.

The article analyzes the development trends of modern society associated with globalization, informatization, transformation of the existing socio-cultural models that can be considered catalysts of existential escapism. Moreover, the study showed that changing the existing paradigms of social systems development leads to difficulties of adaptation and identification, where the intensification of social changes naturally disrupts the mechanisms of human inclusion in social communities, and the frequency of changing information systems and increasing the amount of information itself leads to difficulties in its assimilation and the need to develop new mechanisms for the perception, archiving and updating of information databases. As a result, requiring connection to the most diverse meanings and value systems, the orientation in social practices to change the way of life and way of life requires special social mobility and sociocultural adaptability from a person. This situation leads to a shift in a person’s ideas about himself and the world around him, as a result, it creates a sense of social and informational frustration, which leads to a person’s escape from the existing reality and his orientation to strategies of existential escapism. This fact testifies to the relevance of the study of escapism, a sociocultural phenomenon characterizing the development of modern society. The article gives an understanding of the characteristics of the spread of escapism and the fact that escapism acts as a life strategy that emerges in people as a result of rethinking common values and norms and leads to a departure from social reality into sociocultural spaces constructed by people or media channels; analyzes the approaches to the definition of escapism, the causes and consequences of the spread of escapism, reveals the features of the manifestation of escapism in the virtual space. Moreover, escapism in the virtual space is considered as a means of self-identification and the life strategy of people in a modern dynamic society. We have shown studied the features of the spread of escapism in the modern virtualized society of the postmodern era. This phenomenon is considered as a mechanism of adaptation to the post-modern society. It has been studied in connection with mass culture and the phenomena of individualization and informatization. The paper identifies the main consequences of escapism, including the increase in the number of single people, political and social apathy. To sum up, the article concludes that the two types of virtual escapism. Productive escapism contributes to the social self-realization of man and his cultural development, allows you to transfer social practices from the virtual space into reality. With destructive escapism, on the contrary, social practices move into virtual reality, allowing a person to realize himself in a virtual environment.